Freshwater is reported as an important carbon source in the atmosphere. Especially Dam
reservoirs have been reported to contribute significantly to global carbon emissions, but unlike
natural lakes, there is considerable uncertainty in calculating carbon emissions due to the
complex of emission pathways. At present, there is a lack of clear methodology for assessing
greenhouse gas emissions from freshwater with a high amount of uncertainty involved in its
estimation. Moreover, research on the analysis of carbon mass balance and carbon emissions in
domestic freshwater remains limited.
This study was aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal CO2 distribution and mass balance in
Daecheong Reservoir, located in the mid-latitude monsoon climate zone, by applying a two
dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2).
During the study period, Daecheong Reservoir was mostly in a CO2 supersaturation state, and the
CO2 net atmospheric flux (NAF) at the air-water interface was highly variable in temporal and
spatial conditions depending on the physical and biogeochemical environments.
The range of CO2 NAF simulated by the model showed a range of -592 to 4,918 mg/m2/day, like
the value calculated by the gas exchange theory, but there was a difference in the timing of the
peak value.
The riverine and transition zones showed a tendency to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, while
the lacustrine zone showed a tendency to emit CO2 and exhibited seasonal fluctuations.
Seasonally, the greatest amount of CO2 emissions was generated in winter, and more during the
night than during the day.
These results indicate that the temporal and spatial variability of CO2 NAF in stratified reservoirs
can be appropriately predicted using the numerical model, which can improve the accuracy of
estimates of CO2 emissions in regional and global scales.