Understanding the dynamics of harmful algal blooms is important to protect the aquatic ecosystem in regulated
rivers and secure human health. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM)
models were used to predict algae alert levels for the early warning of blooms in a freshwater reservoir. Intensive
water-quality, hydrodynamic, and meteorological data were used to train and validate both ANN and SVM
models. The Latin-hypercube one-factor-at-a-time (LH-OAT) method and a pattern search algorithm were applied
to perform sensitivity analyses for the input variables and to optimize the parameters of the models, respectively.
The results indicated that the two models well reproduced the algae alert level based on the time-lag input and
output data. In particular, the ANN model showed a better performance than the SVM model, displaying a higher
performance value in both training and validation steps. Furthermore, a sampling frequency of 6- and 7-day were
determined as efficient early-warning intervals for the freshwater reservoir. Therefore, this study presents an
effective early-warning prediction method for algae alert level, which can improve the eutrophication management
schemes for freshwater reservoirs.