oHydroelectric power generation and renewable energy
-Hydropower has a low impact on the natural environment, and there is significant potential for its efficient application in power generation.
-Traditionally, hydroelectric power generated by hydro turbines has been used to provide electrical energy during times of peak load.
-However, as solar and wind power technologies with intermittent power generation have recently been developed and added to the grid, the requirement for large and flexible energy adjustments for these instabilities has increased.
-Consequently, hydro turbines are used over range with off-design operating conditions to provide a base load to maintain a constant frequency and provide a stable power supply.
-However, because of variations in operating conditions, existing hydro turbines must operate with significant fluctuations inflow rates; this results in both the failureof the turbine systems and a reduction in service lifespan.
oVortex rope in the draft tube
-Francis turbines exhibit the undesirable phenomenon of a vortex rope with precession, which induces pressure fluctuations in the draft tube under low flow rate conditions.
-A pressure fluctuation frequency close to the natural frequency of the system causes a resonance that seriously undermines the stability of the turbine system.
oAnti-swirl fins in the draft tube
-Anti-swirl fins with air injection are often applied to aid the suppression and minimization ofthe vortex rope by the draft tube wall.
-However, the effects of the anti-swirl fins in the draft tube on the internal flow and the unsteady pressure characteristics without air injection have not been systematically elucidated under lo flow rate condition in a Francis turbine.
-This study preliminary investigate the effects of anti-swirl fins for suppressing the vortex characteristicsin the draft tube in a Francis turbine model.