This study aims to evaluate applicability of both online and offline parameter calibration techniques on rainfall-runoff modeling using
a conceptual lumped hydrologic model. To achieve the goal, the storage function model was selected and then two different automatic
calibration techniques: SCE-UA (offline method) and particle filter (online method) were applied to calibrate the optimal parameter sets
for 9 rainfall events in the Cheoncheon catchment, upper area of the Yongdam multi-purpose dam. In order to assess reproducibility of
hydrographs from the parameter sets of both techniques, the observed discharge of each event was divided into low flow (below average
flow) and high flow (over average flow). The results show that the particle filter method, updating the parameters in real-time, provides
more stable reproducibility than the SCE-UA method regardless of low and high flow. The optimal parameters estimated by SCE-UA
are very sensitive to the selected objective functions used in this study: RMSE and HMLE. In particular, the parameter sets from RMSE
and HMLE demonstrate superior goodness-of-fit values for high flow and low flow periods, respectively