Hardfill is construction method of dam by compacting the mixture which consists of water, cement and riverbed aggregate. Riverbed aggregate is from submerged area of the dam and sorted with minimal process. Therefore, the most important factor of mixing design is the grain-size distribution of local riverbed aggregate.
This study is to choose the grain-size distribution cases to be used for mixture test in laboratory by analyzing grain-size distribution data of riverbed aggregate from main upper stream basin in South Korea that it can be applicable for small and medium-sized dams, and comparing the analysis with the standards and case of South Korea and foreign similar methods of construction.
The grain-size distribution data for analysis is given in the following Table. It has 230 data from main upper stream basin(under 250㎢:the boundary between medium sized(25~250㎢) and large catchments (>250㎢) - Korea Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, 2012) in South Korea.
The study has derived both upper and lower limit(90% confidence interval) of the grain-size distribution data from the geometric statistical analysis, the South Korea and international cases(CSG experimental construction of 'Hwa-Buk' dam in Korea, CSG research society in Japan, Portland cement association in USA, US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-2006) and the unified soil classification system. In result, three cases of grain-size distribution curve are selected as follows.
CASE I is selected from upper boundary of 90% confidence interval and 5% passing NO.200 sieve.(Maximum aggregate size 9.59㎜, poorly graded sand(Cu=5,Cg=0.9))
CASE Ⅱ is selected from geometric mean and grain-size of the local experimental construction
CASE Ⅲ is selected from lower boundary of 90% confidence interval and maximum aggr