Once a dam has been built, the first responsibility of dam owners and engineers is to
properly maintain it by performing inspection and safety assessment as required in the
corresponding rules, regulations or acts. Until recently the dam safety assessments in
Korea have been based on prescriptive and qualitative approaches which cannot take into
account uncertainties in the nature. Currently, risk-based dam safety management is
considered as a truly reliable alternative for next generation paradigm of dam safety
management. This paper describes how the traditional and institutional systems in dam
safety management are undertaken so far and how the risk-based dam safety management
is imported as the new dam safety paradigm. Some guidelines and regulations about dam
safety will be introduced to trace back the change history of dam safety management in
Korea. Finally, an example of efforts to adopt the dam risk assessment for a dam as the
new dam safety paradigm will be described briefly.