The conventional activated sludge process for wastewater treatment generally
produces a considerable amount of excess sludge, which must be safely disposed.
However, the disposal of sludge is very expensive, which may account for around 20%
of the total operating costs of domestic wastewater treatment plants in South Korea.
Therefore, membrane bioreactor (MBR) is considered as a good solution for enhanced
wastewater treatment, because it has great advantages including a smaller footprint,
less sludge production and better effluent quality. However, it is difficult for MBR
employing a single reactor to remove nitrogen and phosphorus simultaneously. Many
researchers have recommended that the anaerobic and anoxic conditions be spatially
compartmentalized for the efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus.
Therefore, in this study, a field-scale MBR coupled with anaerobic tank and two
interconnected biological tanks was investigated. In this system, a biological tank was
operated in aerobic conditions, while the other tank was operated in anoxic conditions.
After passing through anaerobic tank, the raw wastewater was entered into two
switching tanks alternately and then moved to a submerged membrane bioreactor.
This study focused on the enhanced biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal within
the MBR plant by adding pre-treated sludge and alum. The excess sludge produced
from MBR was treated by sequential sludge reduction/solubilisation processes. Then
pre-treated sludge was used as an additional carbon source. Alum was added to
switching tanks as a coagulant for effective phosphorus removal.