The removal of the phosphorus contained in wastewater can be carried out by physic-chemical
or by biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process. Currently, the biological phosphorus
removal process has been attracting attention. Because of its low capital and operational costs
compared with those of chemical precipitation processes. According to the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), TPeff. concentration decrease to 0.3 mg/l by using the biological treatment
[1,2]. Therefore, in this study, we experimented with enhancing the BNR process by injecting
an external carbon source into the anaerobic phase. Afterwards, when the phosphorus
was released or accumulated in poly-p accumulating organisms (PAOs), we measured the behavior
of cations. When the BNR process is injected with an external carbon source in the anaerobic
phase was operated, the removal effi ciency of TP in the effl uent was 94.48% at the maximum,
and Org-P, which is diffi cult to remove by chemical treatment only, was removed considerably.
Likewise, some of the external carbon source affected the nitrogen removal. By estimating the
metal cations concentration in the anaerobic phase, K+, Mg2+ was used as a parameter to control
the amount of external carbon which had to be injected. Our results showed that TP treatment
with BNR met the criteria of effl uent quality and is a cost-effective and environmentally sound
alternative when compared with chemical treatment.