The aim of this study is to evaluate prediction accuracy and sensitivity of a distributed hydrologic model. Accurate predictions
of runoff are needed where reservoir operations are used to control flooding and to manage water resources. The study area consists of
watershed areas that are influent to reservoirs in the 967 km2 Yongdam basin, and the 2,293 km2 Namgang basin located on the Korean
Peninsula. For these basins with complex terrain, a physics-based distributed hydrologic model is set up with geospatial data, calibrated,
and used to test sensitivity to accuracy of radar and rain gauge input and initial conditions. The events studied range in magnitude from
86 to over 249 mm and include two typhoons and two heavy rainfall events. Radar reflectivity is converted to rainfall rates using Z-R
relationships, and then corrected for bias using a spatially variable correction derived from the rain gauge networks that cover both basins.
Adjustment of assumed model parameters for the Namgang and Yongdam watersheds improves hydrograph peak and volume. The
prediction accuracy of the model is also evaluated using rainfall estimated with uncorrected radar and with rain gauge data as model input.
Use of gauge-corrected radar results in better prediction accuracy than was achieved with raw radar or gauge-only input. The sensitivity
of the watershed response to the initial degree of saturation is dependent on event magnitude but becomes increasingly sensitive at higher
degrees of initial saturation. In both watersheds, the initial saturation of the soil affects prediction accuracy more than the uncertainty
caused by model parameters or gauge-only input.