Performance limiting factors (PLFs) derived from 161 drinking water treatment plants
(DWTPs), assessed by the lnternational Technical Diagnosis and Assistance Center. were
analyzed and evaluated in this study. In order to conduct research, 161 DWTPs were
divided into five categories depending on their capacity, and into twelve groups
According to processes and facilities. From the results of analyses, PLFs and their
distribution ratio derived from each category were significantly different. Filtration
was the most important performance limiting factor in all DWTPs of five categories, and
PLFs in filtration were backwashing velocity, media configuration, bed depth, and
formation of mud-ball. The PLFs in coagulation-flocculation process were found to be
coagulant dose, mixing intensity, mechanical problems, and others in the order of
frequency of occurrence. Also, insufficient disinfection ability, is resulting from
insufficient hydraulic detention time, improper chlorine dose and injection point, is
the most significant among PLFs in a clear well. In the case of sedimentation,
inappropriate baffle structure and excessive upward velocity were PLFs. In addition,
the results showed that high turbid water and low alkalinity in rainy season, ferric
and manganese ions, and ammonia nitrogen have contributed significantly to the
performance of DWTPs.