The anaerobic-intermittently aerobic (AIA) process was operated for the enhanced
biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal over 2 years. A bench-scale AIA reactor
operated in a continuous- flow anaerobic and alternating anoxic?aerobic mode was
demonstrated to accomplish nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal.
Under the anaerobic zone, carbon source was taken up, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) were
formed, and accomplished phosphorus release. The simultaneous phosphate uptake and
denitrification by the denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DePAOs) was
observed even though the PHAs in cells were oxidized in the aerobic phase before the
anoxic phase. Ammonium was oxidized to nitrate under the aerobic phase, and nitrate was
reduced to nitrogen gas under the anoxic phase. As the nitrate concentration increased,
phosphate uptake rate and denitrification rate decreased, whereas the release of phosphate
was accelerated with the addition of the external carbon source. The
secondary phos-phate release was not associated with the nitrate concentration, but was
significantly related to the remained PHA concentration. The fraction of DePAOs among
the entire phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) population was about 60 percent in
the AIA reactor. Results from the fluorescent in situ hybridization confirmed that
Rhodocyclussp. was abundant in the AIA process, and Rhodocyclus-like organisms played
major roles in the simultaneous phosphate uptake and denitrification under the anoxic
condition, indicating the phosphate uptake under the anoxic phase was relatively slower
than that under the aerobic phase.