IA systematic water quality survey was conducted in August, 2005 for a drinking
water supply reservoir (the Jeolgol reservoir located in an island), which is at an
early stage of impoundment, to investigate the causes of water color deterioration of
the reservoir and the clogging of filter beds of a water treatment plant. The reservoir
shape was simple and its average depth was 5.5 m, increasing from upreservoir
toward the downreservoir end near the dam. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and chlorophylla
(chl-a) showed a large variation while water temperature had a smaller range.
Transparency ranged from 0.6 to 0.9m(average 0.7 m). The average value of turbidity
was 9.3 NTU, ranging from 8.0~12.1 NTU. The transparency and the turbidity
appear to be affected by a combination of biological and non-biological factors. The
poor transparency was explained by an increase of inorganic colloids and algal bloom
in the reservoir. The blockage of the filter bed was attributed to the oversupply
of phytoplanktons from the reservoir. The range and the average concentration of
chl-a within the reservoir were 31.6~258.9 μg L-1, 123.6 μg L-1 for the upper layer,
and 17.0~37.4 μg L-1, 26.5 μg L-1 for the bottom layer, respectively. A predominant
species contributing the algal bloom was Dinophyceae, Peridinium bipes f. occultatum.
The distribution of Peridinium spp. was correlated with chl-a concentrations.
The standing crop of phytoplankton was highest in the upreservoir with 8.5×103
cells mL-1 and it decreased toward the downreservoir. Synedra of Bacillariophyceae
and Microcystis aeruginosa of Cyanophyceae appeared to contribute to the algal
bloom, although they are not dominated. It is mostly likely that sloped farmlands
located in the watershed of the reservoir caused water quality problems because
they may contain a significant amount of the nutrients originated from fertilizers. In
addition, the aerators installed in the reservoir and a shortage of the inflowing
water may be related to the poor water quality. A long-term monitoring and an integrated
management plan for the water quality of the watersheds and the reservoir
may be required to improve the water quality of the reservoir.