Photovoltaic (PV) technology is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the global clean energy transition, highlighting the critical importance of long-term module reliability. While Floating PV (FPV) systems are expected to exhibit degradation behaviors similar to ground-mounted systems, systematic field data on FPV module failures and performance impacts remain limited.
In this study, FPV modules that had been in continuous operation for 13 years were analyzed to assess power degradation rates and failure modes, and to compare them with those of terrestrial PV systems. The results indicate that electrode corrosion accounted for 39% of observed defects. Notably, the average power degradation rate of FPV modules was 0.07%/yr, lower than typical values reported for land-based PV installations. This outcome suggests that although electrode corrosion increases series resistance, at the same time, it elevates parallel resistance, thereby contributing to enhanced durability under aquatic operating conditions.
These findings provide novel insights into the long-term reliability of FPV systems and underscore the necessity of incorporating environment-specific degradation mechanisms into future module design and reliability assessment frameworks.